Malate-anaplerotic pathway control state: Difference between revisions
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[[File:M-malic enzyme.jpg|right|300px|M and malic enzyme]] | [[File:M-malic enzyme.jpg|right|300px|M and malic enzyme]] | ||
== M | == M<sub>''L''</sub> == | ||
== M | == M<sub>''P''</sub> == | ||
If malate anaplerotic pathways are present, malate alone may allow the evaluation of OXPHOS state (''P''). However, to ensure OXPHOS state measurement, a combination of NADH-linked substrates should be performed (i.e. PM, GM, PGM). SUIT-027 evaluates malate anaplerotic pathways and OXPHOS state (''P'') in the presence of malate alone, pyruvate&malate and pyruvate&glutamate&malate: | If malate anaplerotic pathways are present, malate alone may allow the evaluation of OXPHOS state (''P''). However, to ensure OXPHOS state measurement, a combination of NADH-linked substrates should be performed (i.e. [[PM pathway control state|PM]], [[GM pathway control state|GM]], [[PGM|PGM]]). SUIT-027 evaluates malate anaplerotic pathways and OXPHOS state (''P'') in the presence of malate alone, pyruvate&malate and pyruvate&glutamate&malate: | ||
:::*[[SUIT-027]] | :::*[[SUIT-027]] | ||
::::* DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt): [[SUIT-027 O2 ce-pce D065]] | ::::* DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt): [[SUIT-027 O2 ce-pce D065]] | ||
== M | == M<sub>''E''</sub> == |
Revision as of 10:58, 30 April 2020
- high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution
Malate-anaplerotic pathway control state
Description
M: Malate alone does not support respiration of mt-preparations if oxaloacetate cannot be metabolized further in the absence of a source of acetyl-CoA. Transport of oxaloacetate across the inner mt-membrane is restricted particularly in liver. Mitochondrial citrate and 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) are depleted by antiport with malate. Succinate is lost from the mitochondria through the dicarboxylate carrier. OXPHOS capacity with malate alone is only 1.3% of that with Pyruvate&Malate in isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria. However, many mammalian and non-mammalian mitochondria have a mt-isoform of NADP+- or NAD(P)+-dependent malic enzyme (mtME), the latter being particularly active in proliferating cells. Then the anaplerotic pathway control state with malate alone (aN) supports high respiratory activities comparable to the NADH-linked pathway control states (N) with pyruvate&malate or glutamate&malate substrate combinations (PM pathway control state, GM pathway control state).
Abbreviation: M
Reference: Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways - Chapter 3.1
MitoPedia concepts:
SUIT state
Communicated by Gnaiger E 2016-01-24, edited 2016-11-30.
ML
MP
If malate anaplerotic pathways are present, malate alone may allow the evaluation of OXPHOS state (P). However, to ensure OXPHOS state measurement, a combination of NADH-linked substrates should be performed (i.e. PM, GM, PGM). SUIT-027 evaluates malate anaplerotic pathways and OXPHOS state (P) in the presence of malate alone, pyruvate&malate and pyruvate&glutamate&malate:
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- DL-Protocol for isolated mitochondria and tissue homogenate (mt): SUIT-027 O2 ce-pce D065
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