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Clark 2014 J Neurophysiol

From Bioblast
Publications in the MiPMap
Clark BC, Mahato NK, Nakazawa M, Law TD, Thomas JS (2014) The power of the mind: the cortex as a critical determinant of muscle strength/weakness. J Neurophysiol 112:3219-26.

» PMID: 25274345

Clark BC, Mahato NK, Nakazawa M, Law TD, Thomas JS (2014) J Neurophysiol

Abstract: We tested the hypothesis that the nervous system, and the cortex in particular, is a critical determinant of muscle strength/weakness and that a high level of corticospinal inhibition is an important neurophysiological factor regulating force generation. A group of healthy individuals underwent 4 wk of wrist-hand immobilization to induce weakness. Another group also underwent 4 wk of immobilization, but they also performed mental imagery of strong muscle contractions 5 days/wk. Mental imagery has been shown to activate several cortical areas that are involved with actual motor behaviors, including premotor and M1 regions. A control group, who underwent no interventions, also participated in this study. Before, immediately after, and 1 wk following immobilization, we measured wrist flexor strength, voluntary activation (VA), and the cortical silent period (SP; a measure that reflect corticospinal inhibition quantified via transcranial magnetic stimulation). Immobilization decreased strength 45.1 ± 5.0%, impaired VA 23.2 ± 5.8%, and prolonged the SP 13.5 ± 2.6%. Mental imagery training, however, attenuated the loss of strength and VA by ∼50% (23.8 ± 5.6% and 12.9 ± 3.2% reductions, respectively) and eliminated prolongation of the SP (4.8 ± 2.8% reduction). Significant associations were observed between the changes in muscle strength and VA (r = 0.56) and SP (r = -0.39). These findings suggest neurological mechanisms, most likely at the cortical level, contribute significantly to disuse-induced weakness, and that regular activation of the cortical regions via imagery attenuates weakness and VA by maintaining normal levels of inhibition.


Labels: MiParea: Exercise physiology;nutrition;life style 


Organism: Human  Tissue;cell: Skeletal muscle, Nervous system  Preparation: Intact organism 





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MitoFit news 2015#3

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