Glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state: Difference between revisions
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{{MitoPedia | {{MitoPedia | ||
|abbr=G | |abbr=G | ||
|description=[[File:G.jpg|left|200px|G]] '''G''': [[Glutamate]] is | |description=[[File:G.jpg|left|200px|G]] '''G''': [[Glutamate]] is an [[Anaplerosis |anaplerotic]] [[pathway control state |NADH-linked type 4 substrate]] (aN). When supplied as the sole fuel substrate in the '''glutamate pathway control state''', G is transported by the electroneutral glutamate-/OH- exchanger, and is oxidised via mt-[[glutamate dehydrogenase]] in the mitochondrial matrix. | ||
|info=[[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]] - Chapter 3.3 | |info=[[Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways]] - Chapter 3.3 | ||
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|mitopedia concept=SUIT state | |mitopedia concept=SUIT state | ||
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Communicated by [[Gnaiger E]] 2016-01-25, edited 2016-11-29. | |||
== G(L) == | == G(L) == | ||
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== Details == | == Details == | ||
:::: In human skeletal muscle mitochondria, [[OXPHOS]] capacity with glutamate alone is 50% to 85% of respiration in the [[GM pathway control state]]. Accumulation of fumarate inhibits succinate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase. | :::: In human skeletal muscle mitochondria, [[OXPHOS]] capacity with glutamate alone (aN<sub>''P''</sub>) is 50% to 85% of respiration in the [[GM pathway control state]] (N<sub>''P''</sub>). Accumulation of fumarate inhibits succinate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase. | ||
:::: Glutamate derived from hydrolyzation of glutamine is an important aerobic substrate in cultured cells. Mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase is particularly active in astrocytes, preventing glutamate induced neurotoxicity. mtNAD-malic enzyme supports an anaplerotic pathway when carbohydrate is limiting. | :::: Glutamate derived from hydrolyzation of glutamine is an important aerobic substrate in cultured cells. Mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase is particularly active in astrocytes, preventing glutamate induced neurotoxicity. mtNAD-malic enzyme supports an anaplerotic pathway when carbohydrate is limiting. |
Revision as of 19:51, 29 November 2016
- high-resolution terminology - matching measurements at high-resolution
Glutamate-anaplerotic pathway control state
Description
G: Glutamate is an anaplerotic NADH-linked type 4 substrate (aN). When supplied as the sole fuel substrate in the glutamate pathway control state, G is transported by the electroneutral glutamate-/OH- exchanger, and is oxidised via mt-glutamate dehydrogenase in the mitochondrial matrix.
Abbreviation: G
Reference: Gnaiger 2014 MitoPathways - Chapter 3.3
MitoPedia concepts:
SUIT state
Communicated by Gnaiger E 2016-01-25, edited 2016-11-29.
G(L)
G(P)
G(E)
Details
- In human skeletal muscle mitochondria, OXPHOS capacity with glutamate alone (aNP) is 50% to 85% of respiration in the GM pathway control state (NP). Accumulation of fumarate inhibits succinate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase.
- Glutamate derived from hydrolyzation of glutamine is an important aerobic substrate in cultured cells. Mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase is particularly active in astrocytes, preventing glutamate induced neurotoxicity. mtNAD-malic enzyme supports an anaplerotic pathway when carbohydrate is limiting.